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Looking for Mathematics past papers from around 1920s onwards

Last post 13/01/11 at 17:45 by autismuk, 274 replies
Post started by intuitionist1 on 02/01/11 at 00:40

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    Posted by: DM 03/01/2011 at 20:09
    Joined on 12/05/2003
    Posts 5,447

    I will not comment on the Pre-U as other members of this forum know a lot more about this qualification than me but STEP is aimed at the top 2% of Year 13 mathematicians in the country Sabbir.   It is not supposed to be for everyone.  

    "If today's exams were as well-designed and challenging as they were in the past", hardly anyone would pass them.   They would then cease to be fit for purpose.   We work with what we are given.   This does not mean the "vast majority of students are having their education crippled."   It just means that you are out-of-touch with reality.
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    Posted by: pencho 03/01/2011 at 20:09
    Joined on 01/11/2000
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    This would be fine if today's exams were as well-designed and challenging as they were in the past, where to do well required a very sound understanding of the topics covered, often requiring knowledge of several different topics to answer a single question, as well as sophisticated problem-solving ability. However today's GCSE and A level exams are simply not like this by any stretch of the imagination and the vast majority of students are having their education crippled as a result. The development of the Pre-U, which is much like the A levels of old, is an explicit attempt to counter this trend and return the more rigorous standards of the past.

    Sabbir I think the problem is that todays exams are catering for a whole different number of students than the times you are talking about and therefore clearly things have had to change.  I remain convinced for the brightest mathematicians the pathways are still there.  The number of students who study A-level maths has vastly increased since the time you are talking about.  That is why numbers who are taking Further Maths are increasing and then leading on to Step papers.

    As I have already alluded to, I do not have an issue with STEP papers, but like the Pre-U, only the elite few actually take these. If the Pre-U were made compulsory and A levels abolished (with the GCSE being replaced by a Pre-U version of the old O levels, with perhaps a new CSE for those students who have no intention of further study), then we might see a change. But even if this were miraculously to happen, the new problem would be (and indeed is) in finding teachers with adequate ability and training to actually teach the course.

    I don't understand how you can compare qualifcations that were sat by a few to a qualfication that is now sat by the many.  As you say STEP and Pre-U are for the Eilite and it is only right that they are being catered for.  Are your children not likely to go down this route?  If so what is your concern.  By the time they reach 18 they will have had the education that it sounds like you would like them to have.

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    Posted by: pencho 03/01/2011 at 20:16
    Joined on 01/11/2000
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    The problem with this is that the majority of students studying GCSE higher tier have no need for a detailed knowledge of just a few topics.  Students today potentially need a wider diet of topics than in the 1950's and 1960's.

    I also do not agree they are receiving a diluted education.  I think the majority of students are served well with the current GCSE mathematics content (I have some issues with the structure of exams etc...).  The brightest in all the schools I have worked at are pushed to the best of their ability and those true mathematicians who enjoy the subject go on to study A-level and Further Maths and take step papers as appropriate.  No I don't work (and never have) in an indepedent, fee paying or grammar schoo!!!!

     

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    Posted by: intuitionist1 03/01/2011 at 20:30
    Joined on 10/11/2008
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    DM:

    The "agenda" I was referred to was your plan to accelerate children to university at the age of 13 or 14.   University is not just about acquiring knowledge.  As you have pointed out, it is perfectly possible to acquire knowledge in your own home (without shelling out £££ for tuition fees).   

    I believe my university experiences transformed me into the person I am today.   It certainly did a lot for my confidence and afforded me the opportunity to become independent and interact with people from completely different backgrounds.   If children are accelerated in this way, they are bound to miss out on the major social part of the university experience and I consider that a terrible shame.

    I do not think children should be attending university at 13 or 14 and did not mean to propose such a thing. Neither did I mean to suggest that they should be forced to study instead of playing or relaxing or taking part in extracurricular activities. I do however think that students should not be hampered from achieving their potential and should be allowed to progress at their own pace whether that be above or below the average (some children are slow starters, while others appear to be prodigious but then fizzle out later). If very bright students can progress at an accelerated rate, then I see no harm in encouraging them to stretch themselves beyond the usual syllabus and delve more deeply into whichever topics their interests may lie.

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    Posted by: Karvol 03/01/2011 at 20:41
    Joined on 30/06/2008
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     What is it about maths that anybody with a degree seems to think that they know all about teaching it? Especially those with a strong background in mathematics?

    Harking back to some bygone age and saying it was all gold and light is living in cloud cuckoo land for the simple reason that it never, ever, was.

    Just as tables gave way to basic calculators, so basic calculators have given way to graphic calculators. Within the foreseeable future these will cede the territory to CAS calculators, and the emphasis on syllabi will move away from the rote learning of material to the application of learning and the use of technology as a permanent and ever present tool, pretty much like a pen or a ruler. This is not the dilution of learning but the evolution of learning.

    The standard model of education, which served all of us so well, is a classical model of education designed for a small proportion of the population. That part of the population will go on to learn what they need to. It might just be in the first year of university instead of at school, but the learning itself will not be destroyed, merely moved along on some theoretical timeline.

    My best mathematics students learn mathematics as an art - as something possessing of intrinsic value removed from its usefulness. I also have other students for whom mathematics holds no interest, and they learn mathematics as a tool, pretty much like learning to buy something online or using a translation service. They don't care how or why something happens, as long as they get a result that they can use.

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    Posted by: intuitionist1 03/01/2011 at 20:52
    Joined on 10/11/2008
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    DM:

    I will not comment on the Pre-U as other members of this forum know a lot more about this qualification than me but STEP is aimed at the top 2% of Year 13 mathematicians in the country Sabbir.   It is not supposed to be for everyone.  

    "If today's exams were as well-designed and challenging as they were in the past", hardly anyone would pass them.   They would then cease to be fit for purpose.   We work with what we are given.   This does not mean the "vast majority of students are having their education crippled."   It just means that you are out-of-touch with reality.

    As I think you already know, I was referring to today's GCSEs and A levels here, and not the STEP papers. The current system means that students in general, and not just the top 2%, are not achieving their potential. You may disagree with this assessment and believe that the current system is somehow perfect (but if that is so, then it is probably not me that needs the reality check). I do not think that having record numbers of students passing their levels yet being unable to carry out basic algebraic manipulations or solve simple 2-step problems without being spoonfed the answers is a particularly satisfying situation for anyone, except perhaps for government spin doctors.

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    Posted by: pencho 03/01/2011 at 21:03
    Joined on 01/11/2000
    Posts 454

    As I think you already know, I was referring to today's GCSEs and A levels here, and not the STEP papers. The current system means that students in general, and not just the top 2%, are not achieving their potential.

    Sabbir, I don't understand how you can make this generalisation.  Where are the facts to back this statement up.  I am missing something.

    I do not think that having record numbers of students passing their levels yet being unable to carry out basic algebraic manipulations or solve simple 2-step problems without being spoonfed the answers is a particularly satisfying situation for anyone, except perhaps for government spin doctors.

    Is this comment based on what you hear others say or actual evidence?

    To be honest this thread generally sounds like you have issues with the way in whihc your children are being taught maths in their school.  It sounds like you don't agree with it and you feel they are being "held back" in their studies. I agree with Karvol when he says that it is simply a case of the timeline being shifted and nothing else.  I am confident by the time they are 18 or leave University they will  just be as good a mathematician as one from the 50's and 60's as you seem to want.

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    Posted by: DM 03/01/2011 at 21:04
    Joined on 12/05/2003
    Posts 5,447

    Do you believe all children have a right to this enhanced education Sabbir or just Muslim children?   I ask as you only "teach" Muslim children.

    Your website alarms me.   It is a known distributor of malware.   Google says "Of the 7 pages we tested on the site over the past 90 days, 2 page(s) resulted in malicious software being downloaded and installed without user consent. The last time Google visited this site was on 2010-12-28, and the last time suspicious content was found on this site was on 2010-12-28."

    Can you explain your history on the sci-tech website?   On this site you are accused of "using the handle of a dead mathematician" and are then called a "f**king deceptive piece of ****"  and a "fraud" by the moderators.  

    This took me 5 minutes to uncover.   God knows what might be revealed if I dug deeper.

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    Posted by: Karvol 03/01/2011 at 21:08
    Joined on 30/06/2008
    Posts 1,428

    intuitionist1:

    The current system means that students in general, and not just the top 2%, are not achieving their potential.

    intuitionist1:
    I do not think that having record numbers of students passing their levels yet being unable to carry out basic algebraic manipulations or solve simple 2-step problems without being spoonfed the answers is a particularly satisfying situation for anyone, except perhaps for government spin doctors.
     

    And your evidence for this is?

    The Sun? The Daily Mail? The Guardian? The Daily Telegraph?

    You have a hypothesis that maths education in English State schools is bad. Do you have evidence? Are you presenting a solution to a problem which does not exist, or only exists on hearsay evidence, or exists but not for the reasons you think?

    And your solution. Have you trialled it? Do you have evidence to support it that it will work? Are you a teacher with knowledge of what works and what doesn't, or are you like a few nut jobs on this forum who with little or no background in teaching, espousing theories plucked from the proverbial ether?

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    Posted by: intuitionist1 03/01/2011 at 21:37
    Joined on 10/11/2008
    Posts 44

    No, this is not just me having a gripe about my children's education (they all go to good schools), and I am not (intentionally, at least) just harking back to "good old days" that never were - rather I am concerned with how much better things could be. I am not a full time teacher but I do teach GCSE and A level students for two hours a week at a supplementary school in South London and am frustrated to find myself having to "teach to the exam". I am teaching much the same topics to my 10- and 11-year-olds (who are perhaps slightly above average but certainly not geniuses).

    Neither am I speaking out of a vacuum. There have been a number of interesting studies looking at the changing standards and methods in mathematics teaching over time. See for example:

    "The value of mathematics" by Kounine, Marks and Truss
    "Tackling the Mathematics Problem" (LMS) http://cms.ac.uk/policy/tackling_maths_prob.pdf
    "Mathematics at the Interface (1960-2000)" by Savage, Kitchen, Sutherland and Porkess
    "The crisis in Further Mathematics and how MEI and Gatsby are working to address it" by Charlie Stripp
    "Reference levels in School Mathematics Education in Europe - Nation Presentation, England" by Tony Gardiner (2000)
    "Learning to prove: using structured templates for multi-step calculations as an introduction to local deduction" by Tony Gardiner
    "Beyond the Soup Kitchen - Thoughts on revising the Mathematics Structures/Frameworks for England" by Tony Gardiner
    "Challeging Mathematics: Challenging to whom? And to what end?" by Tony Gardiner
    [There are numerous other related articles by Tony Gardiner, one of the most notable and outspoken critics of falling standards in mathematics]
    "An assessment of University-entrance level mathematics un England: an analysis of key influences of the qualification during the period 1951-2000" by Little and Jones
    "Change in Mathematics education since the late 1950's - Ideas and realisation in Great Britain" by A. G. Howson
    "Recent Developments in School Mathematics" by T. H. Fairlie
    "Laying the Foundations of Numeracy - A Comparison of Primary School Textbooks in Britain, Germany and Switzerland" by Helvia Bierhoff
    "Mathematics textbooks and their use in English, French and German classrooms" by Pepin, Haggerty & Keynes
    "An analysis of mathematics textbooks and reference books in use in primary and secondary schools in England and Wales in the 1960s" by John Breakell.
    "Mathematics Teachers' Beliefs and Curriculum Reform" by Handal and Herrington
    "Making mathematics count" by Smith
    "The Retreat from Scholarship" by Christopher Ray, High Master, The Manchester Grammar School
    "The O Level Book: Genuine Exam Questions from Yesteryear" by Martin Stephen, Headmaster at St Paul's School.
    "A Sociological Analysis of School Mathematics Texts" by Paul Dowling

    This is taken from the first reference mentioned above:

    "The difficulty and demand of questions has seen a gradual decline since the inception of O-levels in 1951. An analysis of mathematics O-level and GCSE papers between 1951 and 2006 shows this. There are three phases that can be identified: in 1951 to 1970 questions were rigorous and demanding; in 1980 to 1990, despite the content of the curriculum being identical to previous years, the simplifying trend was already taking place; and 1990 to present, when questions had became significantly shorter and simpler."

    Best wishes,

    Sabbir

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